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Article Type

Review

Subject Area

Otolaryngology

Abstract

Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS) is a rare but fatal disease, particularly in immune-compromised patients, including those with hematological malignancies, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), and those who received immunosuppressive treatment following organ transplantation or chemotherapy for solid organ malignancies. Mortality rates remain high, around 50-80%, though some recent studies have shown higher survival rates with early diagnosis and complete surgical resection. Surgical debridement, systemic antifungal therapy, and prompt correction of the underlying systemic disease are necessary for treatment of AIFRS. During the COVID- 19 pandemic, an increased rate of AIFRS was reported in the course of; or following COVID-19 infections in our country and in other countries. This increased rate promoted us in RHINO-EGYPT society to make a task force of a group of qualified members to suggest a clinical pathway for management of these cases. The main aim was to specify the multidisciplinary team involved in the management with specification of the role of each department in the management. The suggested place for admission of the patient was determined according to the general condition of the patient and the status of COVID-19 infectivity. The criteria for diagnosis, management and discharge of patients were also specified. A final algorithm was produced and declared.

Keywords

Covid-19, acute invasive fungal sinusitis, mucor mycosis, treatment protocol

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